Archibald Bower

Archibald Bower was a Scottish historian whose complex religious journey significantly influenced his writings and reputation. Educated at the Scots College in Douai, he initially became a Jesuit in Rome. However, upon returning to London in 1726, he converted to the Church of England, a transition that marked the beginning of a tumultuous relationship with his faith. Bower's most notable work, 'History of the Popes,' published in seven volumes between 1748 and 1766, provided a comprehensive account of the papacy but also embroiled him in controversy regarding his fluctuating religious affiliations. Scholars today regard his accounts as lacking credibility, largely due to the inconsistencies in his beliefs and the perception of opportunism in his religious shifts. Bower's legacy is marked by the complexity of his faith and the impact it had on his historical narratives. His writings reflect the tensions of the time, particularly the conflicts between Catholicism and Protestantism in Britain. Despite the controversies surrounding his credibility, Bower's work remains a significant contribution to the historiography of the papacy, illustrating the intricate interplay between personal belief and scholarly endeavor in the 18th century.