The Epic of Gilgamish: A Fragment of the Gilgamish Legend in Old-Babylonian Cuneiform

A historical account, specifically a translation and analysis of one of the earliest known works of literature, originating from ancient Mesopotamia. The epic was likely composed during the early 2nd millennium BC, encapsulating themes of friendship, mortality, and the quest for eternal life as expressed through the adventures of its primary character, the semi-divine king Gilgamish. The narrative revolves around Gilgamish, the king of Uruk, who is initially depicted as a tyrant but undergoes significant transformation throughout the story. His journey begins with the formation of a deep bond with Enkidu, a wild man created by the gods to challenge his excesses. Together, they embark on various adventures, including slaying monsters and confronting divine forces. The epic explores profound themes such as the nature of humanity, the inevitability of death, and the search for meaning in life, ultimately leaving Gilgamish to grapple with the reality of his mortality after the loss of his friend Enkidu. The text serves not only as a foundational work in literary history but also offers insights into the values and beliefs of ancient Mesopotamian society.