American Indian Stories
1921
Zitkala-Sa's 1921 collection braids together childhood memories of the Yankton Dakota reservation, allegorical retellings of Sioux legends, and raw recollections of the boarding school system designed to erase Indigenous identity. Born Gertrude Simmons Bonnin, she writes from the wound of having her tongue cut out by missionaries at age eight, a metaphor for the cultural silencing inflicted on generations of Native children. The book moves between the warmth of her mother's lodge and the cold corridors of White's Manual Labour Institute, where students were forbidden to speak their language or practice their traditions. These aren't nostalgic recollections. They're acts of preservation, urgent testimony from a woman who understood that memory itself is resistance. The collection also includes her polemical essay "America's Indian Problem," which refutes the government's assimilation agenda with devastating logic. This is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand the ongoing legacy of colonization, the cost of cultural erasure, and the fierce persistence of Native voice.
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“For untold ages the Indian race had not used family names. A new-born child was given a brand-new name. Blue-Star Woman was proud to write her name for which she would not be required to substitute another's upon her marriage, as is the custom of civilized peoples.””
— Zitkala-Sa
“Before this peculiar experience I have no distinct memory of having recognized any vital bond between myself and my own shadow. I never gave it an afterthought.””
— Zitkala-Sa
“Few there are who have paused to question whether real life or long-lasting death lies beneath this semblance of civilization.””
— Zitkala-Sa
“I feel a keen sympathy that all are akin. The racial lines, which once were bitterly real, now serve nothing more than marking out a living mosaic of human beings.””
— Zitkala-Sa
“A wee child toddling in a wonder world, I prefer to their dogma my excursions into the natural gardens where the voice of the Great Spirit is heard in the twittering of birds, the rippling of mighty waters, and the sweet breathing of flowers.””
— Zitkala-Sa
“On the following morning I took my revenge upon the devil. Stealing into the room where a wall of shelves was filled with books, I drew forth The Stories of the Bible. With a broken slate pencil I carried in my apron pocket, I began scratching out his wicked eyes. A few moments later, when I was ready to leave the room, there was a ragged hole in the page where the picture of the devil had once been.””
— Zitkala-Sa
“A vast multitude of women, with uplifted hands, gazed upon a huge stone image. Their upturned faces were eager and very earnest. The stone figure was that of a woman upon the brink of the Great Waters, facing eastward. The myriad living hands remained uplifted till the stone woman began to show signs of life. Very majestically she turned around, and, lo, she smiled upon this great galaxy of American women. She was the Statue of Liberty! It was she, who, though representing human liberty, formerly turned her back upon the Ameican aborigine. Her face was aglow with compassion. Her eyes swept across the outspread continent of America, the home of the red man.At this moment her torch flamed brighter and whiter till its radiance reached into the obscure and remote places of the land. Her light of liberty penetrated Indjan reservations. A loud shout of joy rose up from the Indians of the earth, everywhere!””
— Zitkala-Sa
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Zitkala-Sa. American Indian Stories. Lex, lex-books.com/book/american-indian-stories-2796a63b-6190-425c-a80d-c77d590cc403.Zitkala-Sa (1921). American Indian Stories. Lex. https://lex-books.com/book/american-indian-stories-2796a63b-6190-425c-a80d-c77d590cc403Zitkala-Sa. American Indian Stories. Lex. https://lex-books.com/book/american-indian-stories-2796a63b-6190-425c-a80d-c77d590cc403.







