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Dio's Rome, Volume 4: An Historical Narrative Originally Composed in Greek During the Reigns of Septimius Severus, Geta and Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus and Alexander Severus: And Now Presented in English Form

Cassius Dio Cocceianus

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Dio's Rome, Volume 4: An Historical Narrative Originally Composed in Greek During the Reigns of Septimius Severus, Geta and Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus and Alexander Severus: And Now Presented in English Form

Cassius Dio Cocceianus

History - Ancient

Translated by Herbert Baldwin Foster

A historical narrative originally composed in Greek during the reigns of several Roman emperors, including Septimius Severus and Caracalla, likely written in the early 20th century. This volume focuses on the intricate political maneuvers surrounding Augustus Caesar, providing a detailed account of the transition of Roman governance from a form of democracy to monarchy. It delves into themes of power, politics, and the challenges of leadership, presenting key figures such as Cæsar and prominent advisors like Agrippa and Mæcenas. The opening of ''Dio's Rome, Volume 4'' presents a conversation between Cæsar and his advisors, particularly highlighting a consultation about the nature of leadership and governance. Agrippa advises Cæsar against pursuing sole rulership due to the inevitable jealousy and dangers it invites, elaborating on the distinction between tyranny and democracy through a series of thoughtful arguments. Cæsar contemplates relinquishing power and restoring it to the Senate, emphasizing the virtues of collective governance while also grappling with his own ambitions and the political climate. This engaging foundation sets the stage for a rich exploration of historical dynamics and the philosophical reflections on power that define this volume.

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A historical narrative originally composed in Greek during the reigns of several Roman emperors, including Septimius Sev...

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Dio's Rome, Volume 4: An Historical Narrative Originally Composed in Greek During the Reigns of Septimius Severus, Geta and Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus and Alexander Severus: And Now Presented in English Form
Dio's Rome, Volume 4: An Historical Narrative Originally Composed in Greek During the Reigns of Septimius Severus, Geta and Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus and Alexander Severus: And Now Presented in English Form
Project Gutenberg · 471 pages
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About Dio's Rome, Volume 4: An Historical Narrative Originally Composed in Greek During the Reigns of Septimius Severus, Geta and Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus and Alexander Severus: And Now Presented in English Form

Chapter Summaries

52
Augustus consults with Agrippa and Maecenas about whether to retain power. Agrippa argues for restoring the republic, while Maecenas advocates for monarchy, providing detailed advice on imperial administration.
53
Augustus formally offers to resign power to the senate but accepts their request to continue ruling. He establishes the division between imperial and senatorial provinces and receives the title Augustus.
54
Augustus consolidates his power through various administrative reforms and military campaigns. The deaths of Marcellus and later Agrippa force changes in succession planning.

Key Themes

Power and Governance
The work explores the tension between republican ideals and imperial necessity, showing how Augustus carefully balances autocratic power with democratic appearances to create a stable government.
Succession and Dynasty
A major concern throughout is Augustus's struggle to establish a stable succession, complicated by the early deaths of his chosen heirs and the complex dynamics of imperial family politics.
Military and Empire
The narrative demonstrates how military conquest and control are essential to imperial power, while also showing the costs and limits of expansion through disasters like Varus's defeat.

Characters

Augustus (Octavius Caesar)(protagonist)
The first Roman Emperor who transformed Rome from republic to empire. Initially reluctant to accept sole power, he eventually becomes the supreme ruler and establishes the principate system.
Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa(major)
Augustus's most trusted general and friend who advocates for democratic government but loyally serves the emperor. Dies before Augustus, leaving a significant void.
Gaius Cilnius Maecenas(major)
Augustus's chief advisor who advocates for monarchy and helps establish imperial policies. Known for his cultural patronage and political wisdom.
Tiberius Claudius Nero(major)
Augustus's stepson and eventual heir, a skilled military commander but complex personality. Becomes increasingly important as Augustus ages.
Livia Drusilla(major)
Augustus's wife and political partner who provides crucial advice on governance and clemency. Becomes increasingly influential in imperial politics.
Nero Claudius Drusus(major)
Tiberius's brother and successful military commander in Germany. Dies young in a campaign, mourned by Augustus and the people.

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