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Dio's Rome, Volume 1: An Historical Narrative Originally Composed in Greek During the Reigns of Septimius Severus, Geta and Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus and Alexander Severus: And Now Presented in English Form

1634

Cassius Dio Cocceianus

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Dio's Rome, Volume 1: An Historical Narrative Originally Composed in Greek During the Reigns of Septimius Severus, Geta and Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus and Alexander Severus: And Now Presented in English Form

Cassius Dio Cocceianus

1634

History - Ancient

Translated by Herbert Baldwin Foster

This is Roman history as the Romans themselves told it, composed by a senator who lived through the empire's most turbulent decades. Cassius Dio began his monumental project decades before the events he describes, but he wrote his account of the Severan dynasty as a man with inside knowledge: access to imperial archives, proximity to power, and the experience of watching five emperors rise and fall in rapid succession. The narrative captures the brutal pragmatism of Severan rule, from Septimius Severus's military cunning to Caracalla's infamous murder of his brother Geta, from the religious extravagances of the teenage priest-emperor Elagabalus to Alexander Severus's desperate attempts to hold a fracturing empire together. Dio writes with the detached, sometimes sardonic eye of a survivor, recording the conspiracies, the assassinations, the political calculations, and the slow unraveling of the Roman world with the precision of a man who understood that he was documenting the end of something. For readers seeking the raw, unfiltered voice of antiquity, Dio delivers an irreplaceable window into how Romans understood their own history at the moment it was collapsing around them.

Project Gutenberg

A historical account likely composed in the early 3rd century AD. This work provides a comprehensive narrative of Roman...

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Dio's Rome, Volume 1: An Historical Narrative Originally Composed in Greek During the Reigns of Septimius Severus, Geta and Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus and Alexander Severus: And Now Presented in English Form
Dio's Rome, Volume 1: An Historical Narrative Originally Composed in Greek During the Reigns of Septimius Severus, Geta and Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus and Alexander Severus: And Now Presented in English Form
Project Gutenberg · 359 pages
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About Dio's Rome, Volume 1: An Historical Narrative Originally Composed in Greek During the Reigns of Septimius Severus, Geta and Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus and Alexander Severus: And Now Presented in English Form

Chapter Summaries

Book 1
Æneas arrives in Italy after the Trojan War and establishes Lavinium. His descendants rule Alba Longa until Numitor and Amulius, setting the stage for Rome's foundation.
Book 2
The reigns of Rome's seven kings from Numa Pompilius through Tarquinius Superbus. Each king contributes to Rome's development, but the last becomes a tyrant who is overthrown.
Book 3
Lucius Junius Brutus leads the revolution against Tarquinius Superbus after the rape of Lucretia. The monarchy is abolished and the Roman Republic is established with consuls as leaders.

Key Themes

Rise of Roman Power
The narrative traces Rome's evolution from a small Italian city-state to the dominant Mediterranean power. Dio chronicles how military conquest, political adaptation, and strategic alliances enabled Rome to overcome all rivals.
Virtue vs. Corruption
Roman success is attributed to traditional virtues like duty, courage, and self-sacrifice, exemplified by figures like Cincinnatus and Regulus. The text warns that luxury and moral decay threaten this foundation.
Divine Favor and Destiny
Dio presents Rome's rise as divinely ordained, with numerous omens, prophecies, and miraculous events supporting Roman success. The gods actively intervene to ensure Rome's destined greatness.

Characters

Æneas(major)
Trojan hero who came to Italy after the Trojan War and founded Lavinium. Considered the fountain head of the Roman race by Romans who took pride in being called 'Sons of Æneas'.
Romulus(major)
Legendary founder and first king of Rome. Known for his military prowess and establishment of Roman institutions. Used twelve lictors and established many royal customs.
Numa Pompilius(major)
Second king of Rome, known for his peaceful reign and religious devotion. Established many religious customs and paid strict attention to religion.
Tullus Hostilius(major)
Third king of Rome who followed in Romulus's footsteps, welcoming combats and encouraging warfare. Ruled for thirty-two years and died by lightning or assassination.
Lucius Tarquinius Priscus(major)
Fifth king of Rome, originally from Tarquinii. Wealthy and intelligent, he gained power through manipulation but introduced many royal customs and built extensively.
Servius Tullius(major)
Sixth king of Rome, son of a slave woman. Reformed the constitution, favored the people over patricians, and ruled for forty-four years before being murdered.

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