De Jongfryske Biweging

A historical and literary essay written in the early 20th century. The book examines the development and significance of the Young Frisian Movement—a group advocating for the revitalization and modernization of Frisian literature and language. Its central topic is the need for renewal and self-assertion in Frisian culture, focusing especially on the struggles around language, literary expression, and the generational shift among writers. Readers interested in language politics, cultural revival, and the dynamics of minority literatures would find this work particularly relevant. The opening of ''De jongfryske biweging'' introduces the aim and context of Kalma’s work, emphasizing the necessity for honest discussion about the state of Frisian literature and language. Kalma critiques the complacency and backwardness he sees in older literary circles and outlines the obstacles to progress, including the influence of Dutch, conservative leadership, and the lack of critical engagement. The narrative highlights a sense of frustration and urgency among young Frisian writers, painting their efforts as both cultural and existential struggles. Through an informal gathering of these writers, Kalma dramatizes the dilemma: whether to continue in Frisian despite limited opportunities and respect, or to switch to Dutch for recognition, ultimately arguing for a conscious, collective movement to ensure the future of Frisian literary and cultural life.