Πελοποννησιακός Πόλεμος, Τόμος Τέταρτος

A historical account written in the 5th century BC. This volume continues the detailed narrative of the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta, with a focus on the military strategies, political maneuvers, and the unfolding events in Sicily as the Athenian forces face challenges under the leadership of Nicias and interactions with the Sicilian allies and enemies. The opening of this volume sets the stage for a critical phase in the Peloponnesian War, detailing the arrival of the Spartan general Gylippus in Sicily. As Gylippus and his forces prepare to engage with Athenian troops, a tense atmosphere develops as both sides strategize for impending battles. The initial interactions highlight the Athenians' efforts to fortify their position in Syracuse amidst the growing pressures from the arriving Spartan support, while Nicias communicates the dire state of their military situation to Athens, pleading for reinforcements as they grapple with logistical and strategic difficulties against the well-prepared Sicilian forces.