Tacitus: The Histories, Volumes I and II

A historical account written in the early 2nd century AD. This work chronicles a turbulent period in Roman history, specifically the civil wars and the rise of various emperors between the death of Nero and the establishment of Vespasian. It provides an in-depth exploration of the political strife, character assessments of key figures, and the moral degradation of Roman society during these chaotic times. The opening of ''The Histories'' sets the stage for an exploration of the catastrophic aftermath of Nero's death and the subsequent struggle for power among rival factions. Tacitus begins by outlining the context of his narrative, foreshadowing the violence and disorder that plagued the empire as emperors like Galba, Otho, and Vitellius vied for the throne. He introduces key themes, such as the moral failings of leaders and the consequences of their actions on Rome’s stability, while noting the indifferent nature of soldiers and citizens caught in the political crossfire. The text emphasizes the gravity of the events to come, dramatizing the desperation and ambitions of those involved in the fierce power struggles that characterized this era.