Mysterious Forces of Civilization

Mysterious Forces of Civilization, written by Abdu’l-Bahá ‘Abbás before 1875, addresses the societal challenges facing Persia (Iran) during a time of modernization. Originally published anonymously in Persian, it was lithographed in 1882 and later translated into English in 1910 by Johanna Dawud. The work explores the tension between adopting Western technology and preserving Islamic culture, making it a significant commentary on the forces shaping civilization. This audiobook is based on the 1918 English edition.