商君書

A historical treatise written in the 4th century BC. The work discusses political philosophy and governance, focusing on the importance of law and policy in relation to society and its rulers. The text likely reflects the socio-political struggles of ancient China, particularly during the Qin Dynasty's efforts to consolidate power and reform society. The opening of ''商君書'' introduces the dialogue between influential ministers and a ruler contemplating legal reforms to strengthen his government. The discussion emphasizes the necessity of adapting laws and practices to changing times rather than adhering to outdated traditions. Through various arguments, the ministers highlight that true governance must prioritize the welfare of the people and the effectiveness of the state over strict adherence to old customs. This foundational theme sets the stage for a deeper exploration of governance, law, and statecraft throughout the text.