Edward W. Ludwig

Edward Irving Ludwig (October 7, 1899 – August 20, 1982) was a Russian-born American film director and writer. He directed nearly 100 films between 1921 and 1963 (some under the names Edward I. Luddy and Charles Fuhr). Edward Ludwig was born Isidor Litwack in Ukraine, then part of the Russian Empire, entered the United States from Canada on March 6, 1911, became a naturalized citizen December 23, 1932, and died in 1982 in Santa Monica, California, at age 82.