The Growth of Parliament and the War with Scotland (1216-1307)
1930
The Growth of Parliament and the War with Scotland (1216-1307)
1930
The Growth of Parliament and the War with Scotland (1216-1307) is a historical account published in 1930 that examines the evolution of parliamentary governance in England during the 13th century, alongside the military conflicts with Scotland. The text begins with the political landscape following King John's death and details the coronation of his son, Henry III, while highlighting the challenges posed by nobles, clergy, and foreign influences. Key events such as the Battle of Lincoln are discussed, providing insights into the interplay between political structures and warfare during this transformative period in British history.
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King of England from 1216-1272, crowned at age 10. Struggled with baronial opposition and foreign influence throughout his reign.
Son of Henry III, became king in 1272. Known as 'Hammer of the Scots' for his conquest of Wales and wars with Scotland.
Earl of Leicester who led baronial opposition to Henry III. Killed at Battle of Evesham in 1265 after brief period controlling government.
Scottish knight who led resistance against English rule. Defeated English at Stirling Bridge but later captured and executed.
About The Growth of Parliament and the War with Scotland (1216-1307)
Chapter Summaries
- 1
- Nine-year-old Henry III is crowned king after his father John's death, with papal legate Gualo presiding over the ceremony at Gloucester.
- 2
- English royalist forces defeat French and baronial forces at Lincoln, with many prisoners taken and the city plundered.
- 3
- English fleet defeats French reinforcements at sea, capturing many knights and killing the notorious Eustace the Monk.
Key Themes
- Constitutional Development
- The period shows the gradual limitation of royal power through documents like the Provisions of Oxford and Confirmation of Charters, leading to parliamentary government.
- National Identity
- The wars with Scotland and Wales demonstrate emerging concepts of national identity and resistance to foreign domination.
- Church and State Relations
- Conflicts over papal taxation, clerical privileges, and ecclesiastical appointments show the complex relationship between secular and religious authority.
Characters
- Henry III(protagonist)
- King of England from 1216-1272, crowned at age 10. Struggled with baronial opposition and foreign influence throughout his reign.
- Edward I(protagonist)
- Son of Henry III, became king in 1272. Known as 'Hammer of the Scots' for his conquest of Wales and wars with Scotland.
- Simon de Montfort(major)
- Earl of Leicester who led baronial opposition to Henry III. Killed at Battle of Evesham in 1265 after brief period controlling government.
- William Wallace(major)
- Scottish knight who led resistance against English rule. Defeated English at Stirling Bridge but later captured and executed.
- Robert the Bruce(major)
- Scottish nobleman who murdered John Comyn and crowned himself King of Scotland in 1306, beginning new phase of Scottish independence wars.
- Hubert de Burgh(major)
- Justiciar of England during Henry III's minority. Later fell from favor and was accused of various crimes including embezzlement.
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