Philippics

The 'Philippics' are a series of 14 speeches by Marcus Tullius Cicero, delivered between 44 and 43 BC, aimed at condemning Mark Antony following Julius Caesar's assassination. Cicero modeled these speeches after Demosthenes' attacks on Philip II of Macedon, using them to rally opposition against Antony's rise to power. Despite their fervent rhetoric, Cicero's focus on Antony ultimately contributed to his own downfall, leading to his proscription and execution in 43 BC. The speeches are notable for their political significance and Cicero's boldness in challenging powerful figures of his time.