History of Civilization in England, Vol. 2 of 3

A historical account written in the late 19th century. This volume delves into the intellectual history of France, particularly from the mid-16th century to the rise of Louis XIV, examining how theological power influenced societal evolution and the consequences of religious strife. The book is likely to interest readers who seek a deep understanding of the interplay between religion, politics, and intellectual development in European history, particularly in contrast to England. The opening of the work establishes Buckle's analytical framework for understanding French civilization by comparing it to the English experience. He argues that the dominance of the ecclesiastical authority in France impeded intellectual and societal progress, in contrast to England, where a weakening of such power allowed greater freedom and advancement. By outlining key historical milestones, Buckle emphasizes the effects of the Reformation and the ensuing struggles between Catholics and Protestants, which led to a climate hostile to inquiry and resulted in a period of significant moral and physical upheaval during the sixteenth century. He sets the stage for a comprehensive examination of how these intersecting factors shaped the trajectory of French civilization leading up to the Enlightenment.