天工開物

A comprehensive scientific treatise written in the 17th century. The work focuses on the intricate relationships between human labor and nature in the production of goods, particularly in agriculture, textiles, and other crafts. It serves as both a historical document and a guide to various techniques, tools, and methods that enhance productivity and understanding of the natural world. The opening of this work sets the stage for its exploration of agricultural practices, particularly concerning rice cultivation. It discusses the significance of different rice varieties, their planting and harvesting methods, the ideal conditions for growth, and the associated risks such as pests and weather-related disasters. The text emphasizes the idea that careful observation, diligent practice, and an understanding of environmental factors are essential for successful farming, establishing a foundational connection between traditional knowledge and practical agriculture.