Chto delatʹ?1917

**What Is to Be Done?** (Russian: *Что делать?*, tr. *Chto délat'?*, lit. *'What to Do?*') is an 1863 novel written by Russian philosopher, journalist, and literary critic Nikolai Chernyshevsky, written in response to Fathers and Sons (1862) by Ivan Turgenev. The chief character is Vera Pavlovna, a woman who escapes the control of her family and an arranged marriage to seek economic independence. ([Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Is_to_Be_Done%3F_(novel)))